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SECTION 1 GENERAL INFORMATION

SECTION 2 DEFINITIONS AND TERMS

SECTION 1 GENERAL INFORMATION

1-01 Introduction and Scope. These STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS shall apply to the design and construction of all public sewerage facilities and side sewers in the District whether privately financed and constructed under permits issued by the District or whether publicly financed and constructed under contract with the District.

The jurisdiction of the District includes the entire sewerage system and its appurtenances from the point of connection with the building plumbing to the force mains managed by the Sewer Authority Mid-Coastside. The side sewer between the main sewer and the building is privately owned and maintained, and the District has no ownership or maintenance responsibility therefor. In general, the service area of the District covers inside the Urban Area in Montara and Moss Beach. Maps showing the existing District boundaries are available for inspection at the District office.

Special provisions, specifications addenda and/or notes on the plans shall be provided when deemed necessary by the District Administrator and/or District Engineer and shall be considered as part of the specifications for the work.

1-02 District Ordinances. The Ordinances of the District comprise the rules and regulations of the District with respect to the construction and use of sanitary sewerage facilities. In general, the Code provides the authority of the District Administrator, District Engineer and District Construction Inspectors, adopts the "Standard Specifications," provides regulations for side sewer construction and for the use and construction of public sewers, fixes annexation, plan checking, and permit and inspection fees, and provides for the establishment of uniform connection charges. A knowledge of the Code provisions and policies is essential to those proposing to design or construct sewerage facilities under permit in the District. Copies of the Code is available on the Internet or may be obtained at the District office upon request.

1-03 Annexation Policy. The District provides service inside the Urban/Rural Boundary as established by the San Mateo County Local Coastal Program. Any requests for consideration of service outside that area must be made to the Board of Directors of the District.

1-04 Downstream Capacity Policy. Where the District determines that downstream sewers lack sufficient capacity to accept wastewater flows from a proposed development or facility, the District may require the applicant to upsize the downstream sewer as necessary to accommodate the future flows or contribute funds toward a future upsizing by the District.

1-05 Right-of-Way Policy. The right-of-way policy requires that all public sewerage facilities be located in easements or rights-of-way granted or dedicated for sewers and public use. In the case of public streets, further dedication is not necessary unless specifically required. All new easements must be granted directly to the District as sewer easements by separate deed. Unless otherwise specifically permitted or required by the District Administrator or District Engineer, all easements shall be fifteen (15) feet in width and the easement shall be centered on the sewer line. Ten (10) foot easements may be provided under special circumstances only if specifically approved by the District Administrator. Easements shall be provided for sewers and granted to the District in all cases where future extensions of sewer lines will be required on the property being sewered.

1-06 Condemnation Policy. When a public sewer must pass through private property and a right-of-way cannot be obtained through negotiation with the property owner, the District may, under certain conditions, order condemnation of the required easement. If condemnation by the District is desired, the following will be required:

1-07 Engineering Policy. The engineering policy of the District requires strict compliance with the Civil and Professional Engineers Act of the California Business and Professions Code. All engineering plans, specifications, reports or documents shall be prepared by a registered civil engineer, or by a subordinate employee under his direction, and shall be signed by him and stamped with his seal to indicate his responsibility for them. It shall be the Job Engineer's responsibility to review any proposed sewer system, extension and/or existing system change with the District Administrator or District Engineer, prior to engineering or design work, to determine any special requirements or whether the proposal is permissible. Approval of preliminary or final plans by the District does not in any way relieve the Job Engineer of the Permittee of his responsibility to meet all requirements of the District. The plans and specifications for any job can be revised or supplemented by the District at any time it is determined that the full requirements of the District have not been met. The Job Engineer shall review such changes and prepare the necessary revisions to the plans. Any cost of revisions or additions required by the District shall be paid for by the Permittee.

1-08 Environment Impact Report Regulations. The District Board of Directors has adopted "Local Guidelines for Implementation of the California Environmental Quality Act of 1970" and amendments thereto. Under these regulations, persons proposing to obtain permits for sewer construction may be required to prepare or finance the preparation of certain environmental impact studies and documents concerning the project. Persons planning projects involving extension of sewer mains are advised to contact the District's staff early in their planning process to determine the appropriate lead agency and exact District Environmental Impact Report requirements.

SECTION 2 DEFINITIONS AND TERMS

2-01 Definitions and Terms. Whenever in these specifications, or in any documents or instruments where these specifications govern, the following terms, abbreviations or definitions are used, the intent and meaning shall be interpreted as follows:

Acceptance - Formal acceptance by action of the District Board of an entire contract or agreement or work done under permit which has been completed in all respects in accordance with the plans and specifications and any modifications thereof previously approved.

Annexation - The process of inclusion of property into District boundaries by proper legal procedures. Annexations must be processed through the Local Agency Formation Commission.

Applicant - The person making application for a permit and who shall be the occupant and/or owner of his/her/their authorized representative of the premises to be served by the sewer for which a permit is requested.

Building - Any structure used for human habitation or a place of business, recreation or other purpose.

Building Sewer - That portion of any sewer beginning at a point two (2) feet outside the foundation line of any building and running to the property line, street right-of-way or sewer easement right-of-way line or to a private sewage disposal system.

Building Sewer Permit - The written authorization from the District for the installation of a side sewer at a specific location and under specific conditions of the permit.

Contractor or Side Sewer Contractor - Any contractor licensed by the State of California to enter into contracts for and to perform the work of installing sewers within the District, or the owner of private property doing his own house sewer work on his private property only.

County - The County of San Mateo, State of California.

County Standard Specifications - The Standard Specifications, County of San Mateo, Department of Public Works.

Definition of Words - Whenever, in these specifications, the words directed, required, permitted, ordered, designated or words of like import are used, they shall be understood to mean the direction, requirement, permission, order or designation of the District Administrator or District Engineer. Similarly, the words approved, acceptable, satisfactory, shall mean approved by, acceptable to, or satisfactory to the District Administrator or District Engineer.

Developer - A private party installing sanitary sewer facilities.

District - The Montara Sanitary District located in San Mateo County, CA, as represented by the District Board, District Administrator or District Engineer.

District Board - The governing body of the District.

District Engineer - The Engineer of the District, licensed by the State of California as a Civil Engineer, acting either directly or through authorized agents.

District Inspector - The engineering or technical inspector or inspectors duly authorized or appointed by the District Administrator and responsible for the particular duties delegated to him/her or them.

District Manager - The Manager of the District acting either directly or through authorized agents.

Fixture Units - The fixture unit load values for drainage piping as computed from tables of the current Uniform Plumbing Code.

Job Engineer - The engineer, licensed by the State of California as a Civil Engineer, under whose direction plans, profiles and details for the work are prepared and submitted to the District for review and approval. The Job Engineer shall provide all field surveys, construction staking, confirm field changes and prepare record drawings.

Lateral Sewer - That portion of the side sewer lying within a street or sewer right-of-way. (Normally that portion of the side sewer between the main sewer and property line.) The lateral sewer is privately owned and maintained.

Main Sewer - A public sewer which has been or is being constructed to accommodate more than one side sewer. (Normally eight (8) inches in diameter or larger.) The District will accept and maintain main sewers which are constructed to these standards and installed under a District public sewer extension permit with District supervision and inspection.

Other Specifications - Whenever in these specifications other specifications are mentioned, it shall be understood that the materials or methods mentioned therewith shall conform to all requirements of the latest revision of the specifications so mentioned.

Outside Sewer - A sanitary sewer beyond the limits of the Sanitary District not subject to the control or jurisdiction of the District.

Owner - In the case of District projects, the term owner shall mean the Montara Sanitary District. In the case of private projects, the term owner shall mean that person who is doing or having work done under permit or agreement with the District.

Permit - Any written authorization required for the installation of any sewer line or sewage works.

Permittee - The person to whom a public sewer permit or building sewer permit is issued.

Person - Any person, firm, company, corporation, association or public agency.

Plans - Construction plans, sewer plans and profiles, cross sections, detailed drawings, etc., or reproductions thereof, approved or to be approved by the District, which show the location, character, dimensions and details for the work to be done, and which constitute a supplement to these specifications.

Plumbing System - All plumbing fixtures and traps, or soil, wastes, special waste and vent pipes within a building to a point two (2) feet outside the building foundation thereof.

Private Construction or Private Projects - Projects involving construction of sewerage facilities, other than District projects, which are to be performed by the Permittee and connected to the District sewerage system. Sewers to be accepted by the District shall be constructed under a Public Sewer Extension Permit. Side sewers, which are not accepted by the District, shall be constructed under a Building Sewer Permit with the District.

Private Sewer - A sewer serving an independent sewage disposal system not connected with a public sewer and which accommodates one or more buildings or industries.

Public Sewer Extension Permit - The written authorization from the District for the installation of a public sewer main at a specific location and under specific conditions of the permit.

Record Drawings (As-Built Drawings) - Reproducible plans signed and dated by the Job Engineer and District representative, indicating that the plans have been reviewed and revised, if necessary, to accurately show all elevations and construction details which were actually built.

Right-of-Way - All land or interest therein which by deed, conveyance, agreement, easement, dedication, usage or process of law is reserved for or dedicated to the use of the general public, within which the District shall have the right to install and maintain public sewerage facilities.

Section - Any reference to a section which is not accompanied by further reference refers to a section or sections of these specifications.

Sewage - A combination of water-carried wastes from residences, business buildings, institutions and industrial establishments.

Sewage Works - All facilities for collecting, pumping, treating and disposing of sewage.

Side Sewer - The side sewer begins at its point of connection with the main sewer and terminates at its point of connection to the sanitary or waste plumbing. The point of connection to the sanitary or waste plumbing shall be two (2) feet or less from the building foundation at the point where the plumbing first extends outside the foundation (minimum four (4) inches inside diameter). The side sewer is privately owned and maintained, including the lateral sewer, which links the sanitary or waste plumbing of a house or other building with the main sewer.

Soils Engineer - Any soils engineering firm or authorized representative of such a firm which is retained by the owner of a project for the purpose of designing, testing, or controlling grading, installation of pavements, or trench backfill, and/or means to handle subsurface water and supplying to the District reports on the same. The Permittee shall pay all costs for the soils engineer.

Special Provisions - Special Provisions are specific clauses of the Specifications for a specific job which set forth conditions or requirements peculiar to the project under consideration and covering work or materials involved in the proposal and estimate but not satisfactorily covered by these Standard Specifications.

Specifications - The directions, provisions, and requirements contained herein as supplemented by such Special Provisions as may be necessary pertaining to the method and manner performing the work or to the quantities and qualities of materials to be furnished under the contract or permit.

Standard Drawings - The drawings of structures or devices commonly used on District work designated by the District as Standard Drawings at the time a District contract or agreement is entered into or permit is issued.

Standard Specifications - The Standard Specifications of the Montara Sanitary District as contained herein and all subsequent additions, deletions or revisions.

State Standard Specifications - The Standard Specifications of the State of California, Department of Public Works, Division of Highways, current issue. Where the terms "State" or "Engineer" are used in the State Standard Specifications, they shall be considered as meaning the "District" or "District Engineer" as defined hereinabove.

Streets or Roads - Any public highway, road, street, avenue, alley, way, easement or right-of-way.

Surety - Any firm or corporation executing a surety bond or bonds payable to the District, securing the performance of the contract or permit either in whole or in part.

Traveled Way - That portion of the roadway for the movement of vehicles, exclusive of shoulders and auxiliary lanes.

Uniform Plumbing Code - The Uniform Plumbing Code adopted by the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials, current edition.

Work - All the work to be done under the District contract, or permit, in accordance with the plans, specifications and/or Special Provisions, and/or permit conditions.

2-02 Abbreviations. The following abbreviations shall have the designated meanings.

ACP - Asbestos Cement Pipe

AC - Asphalt Concrete

AAN - American Association of Nurserymen

ACI - American Concrete Institute

AREA - American Railway Engineering Association

ASA - American Standards Association

ASCE - American Society of Civil Engineers

ASME - American Society of Mechanical Engineers

ASTM - American Society for Testing Materials

AWPA - American Wood Preserver's Association

AWS - American Welding Society

AWWA - American Water Works Association

CDF - Controlled Density Fill

CIP - Cast Iron Pipe

CLP - Concrete Lined Steel Cylinder Pipe

CL & CP - Concrete Lined and Coated Steel Cylinder Pipe

CMP - Corrugated Metal Pipe

Drop MH - Drop Manhole

Fed. Spec. - Federal Specifications

ISA - International Shadetree Association

LAFCo - Local Agency Formation Commission

PCC - Portland Cement Concrete

PVC - Polyvinyl Chloride

RCP - Reinforced Concrete Pipe

RH - Rodhole

RI - Rodding Inlet

RPMP - Reinforced Plastic Mortar Pipe

S - Pipe Slope

SAM - Sewer Authority Mid-Coastside

SDR - Standard Dimension Ratio

St. P. - Steel Pipe

Sta. - Survey Station

URB - Untreated Rock Base (Aggregate Base)

VCP - Vitrified Clay Pipe

WPCF - Water Pollution Control Federation

PART B - ENGINEERING AND DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

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SECTION 3 DESIGN CALCULATIONS AND PLAN PREPARATION

SECTION 4 DESIGN STANDARDS

SECTION 5 PLAN APPROVAL AND PERMIT ISSUANCE

SECTION 6 CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING

SECTION 7 DISTRICT PERMITS, LICENSES AND BONDS

3-01 Design Calculations. When requested to do so by the District, the Job Engineer shall submit calculations for District review and approval. Design calculations shall be submitted in duplicate and shall be in a neat, acceptable form and shall indicate the date, signature of the Job Engineer and his stamp with his State of California registration number and expiration date.

Calculations for sewers shall be presented in tabular form and shall include the following information for each section of sewer: Terminal manhole designation, ground elevations at terminal manholes, incremental and cumulative tributary population, incremental average and maximum domestic sewage flow, incremental infiltration allowance, cumulative design flow, invert elevations of terminal manholes, length of sewer run, and sewer size, slope, capacity and velocity. Design calculation for pumping stations shall include soils data, structural design calculations, hydraulic calculations including the basis for average and peak flows, calculations for wet well volume, curves indicating force main characteristics, and individual and combined pump head capacity curves.

All calculations shall be accompanied by a small scale map showing and identifying proposed sewerage facilities and tributary areas, etc.

3-02 Size of Plans and Data Required. Sheet sizes for plans for all sanitary sewerage facilities shall be 22 inches by 34 inches, unless otherwise specifically approved in advance by the District, and the plans shall include as a minimum the following information and data:

3.03 Rights-of-Way. Rights-of-way define and establish the rights for the District to maintain a sewer facility in the location designated by the Job Engineer (see Section 1-05). When main sewers are to be installed outside of public street rights-of-way in subdivisions, the required easements shall be shown on the subdivision final map and shall be granted to the District in a separate deed of easement. Outside of subdivisions, when sewers are to be installed on private property, an easement must be granted to the District and the easement description and required easement map shall be provided to the District by the Job Engineer, along with the name and address of the property owner or owners of record. Unless otherwise specifically approved by the District, public sewer permits will not be approved nor will any work be permitted to proceed until the District receives, approves and accepts and records all required easements.

3-04 Easements for Future Extensions. Easements shall be granted to the District through the property to serve the upstream property in all cases where future extensions of sewer lines could be required beyond the property being sewered. Such easements shall be included on the construction plans where there is any doubt as to the ability to properly serve the ultimate service area.

3-05 Flood Control Approval. In the event that a proposed sewer is to cross a creek, storm water channel, conduit, structure or drainage course under the jurisdiction of San Mateo County, a detailed large scale profile of the crossing shall be incorporated in the plans with approval of the County and/or appropriate jurisdiction prior to approval of the plans by the District.

3-06 Soils Investigation. Due to the inherent hazards involved in excavation, trenching, and pipe laying in certain common soil formations within the District, the right is reserved to required geological investigation and report prior to the approval of construction plans. In general, locations on steep side hills, locations in areas of established instability, locations in areas of bay mud or filled marshland, spring or seepage areas, or areas where concentrated or unusual development exists or is planned, shall be investigated and construction controlled by the recommendations contained in the Soils Engineer's report. The costs of all soils investigations shall be paid for by the Permittee.

3-07 Construction Permits. The Permittee shall be responsible for securing all necessary construction permits. Such permits include, but are not necessarily limited to, permits from San Mateo County, California Coastal Commission, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, State Department of Fish and Game, Cal/OSHA, Division of Industrial Relations, street or railroad encroachment permits, etc.

SECTION 4 DESIGN STANDARDS

4-01 Design Criteria. The following criteria for the design of gravity sewers within the jurisdiction of the Montara Sanitary District is hereby established.

Rate of Peak to Average

Population Range Dry Weather Sewage Flow

2,000 - 5,000 2.5

5,000 - 7,000 2.3

7,000 - 9,000 2.2

Areas sewered prior to 1962 - 6,000 gallons per acre/day

Areas sewered after 1962 - 2,500 gallons per acre/day

Areas sewered after 1975 - 1,000 gallons per acre/day

10. Any septic tank sludge.

4-03 Sewer Pipes.

Pipe Size Minimum Slope Ratio

in Inches in Feet per Foot

6 0.006

8 0.004

10 0.0028

12 0.0022

15 0.0015

Pipe Size Minimum Slope Ratio

in Inches in Feet per Foot

18 0.0012

21 0.0010

24 0.0008

4-04 Sewer Structures.

SECTION 5 PLAN APPROVAL AND PERMIT ISSUANCE

5-01 General. The procedure outlined in this Section shall be followed for submittal, review and approval of plans, and permit issuance for sewer main extensions.

5-02 Plan Checking Deposit. The Plan Checking Deposit shall be paid to the District prior to any review of plans. This deposit is not refundable but, upon issuance of a main extension permit, the deposit will be credited against the total Plan Checking and Inspection Fees due under District rules and regulations.

5-03 Preliminary Review. To facilitate the processing and review of plans for main extensions, all of the following materials shall be submitted at least three weeks prior to the District Board meeting at which approval of plans is desired.

After submittal, the above materials will be reviewed by the District staff and the District Engineer. If there are any required corrections and/or recommended revisions, they will be noted on the plans, easements, etc., and one set will be returned to the Job Engineer for revisions and resubmittal. This procedure will be repeated until all District requirements are met and the plans are ready for approval of the District Board.

5-04 Final Review and Approval. In order to obtain final approval, the Job Engineer shall submit the following materials, as revised in accordance with the above paragraph.

When all of these materials are received and given final review, the plans will be submitted to the District Board for approval. The Board meets regularly only once each month (specific dates may be obtained from the District office) and the Job Engineer will need to schedule his work and submittal of plans to meet an appropriate Board meeting date. After approval of the plans by the District Board, the District Administrator will stamp "Approved" and sign all copies. He will then transmit one approved copy to the owner and one to the Job Engineer for his use. NOTE: The plan approval by the District shall become void six (6) months from the date of approval, unless a main extension permit for the work has been issued within that time.

5-05 Plan Revisions. In the event that any plan or field condition is encountered during construction that necessitates deviation from the approve plans, all work shall be halted until the plans are revised by the Job Engineer, resubmitted to the District and the revisions approved by the District. When revisions are required, the Job Engineer shall submit two (2) preliminary copies of the proposed revised sheets of the plans along with a letter explaining the recommended revisions. When the revisions are in approvable form, four (4) copies of the revised plan sheets shall be submitted for signature of the District Administrator and distribution similar to the original plans. The Permittee shall bear all costs for any plan revisions. The Job Engineer shall be responsible for seeing that all revisions are appropriately shown on the "Record Drawings" for the project.

5-06 Statement of Fees and Charges. During District review of the plans but prior to final approval, the District Administrator will prepare a Statement of Fees and Charges which will be sent to the Permittee, with a copy to the Job Engineer, detailing the fees and charges which must be paid and setting forth the required performance bond amount, and any other information or materials which may be required (other than approval of plans, specifications, etc.) prior to issuance of the main extension permit.

5-07 Issuance of Main Extension Permit. Written permission to construct the main extension will be granted only after all District requirements have been met, including final approval of all plans and specifications, payment of all appropriate fees and charges, posting of the required performance and maintenance bond, acquisition of all required easements, and the filing of a permit application form, receipt of the certificate of insurance from the Contractor, etc. (See Section 10-12.) No work shall be permitted to proceed until the main extension permit has been issued.

5-08 Subdivisions. Before approving the recordation of a subdivision final map, the County requires a letter from the District stating that plans and specifications for necessary sewerage facilities to serve each lot in the subdivision have been approved by the District and that financial arrangements have been made to insure installation of these facilities. Before this letter is written, the property must be annexed to the District (if not already in the District) and the main extension permit must have been issued as above provided.

5-09 Items to Consider before Submitting Plans. The following is a general list of items which should be considered by the Job Engineer before submitting plans for review and approval of the District.

SECTION 6 CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING

6-01 Staking Requirements. The Job Engineer shall be responsible for providing all necessary field surveys and construction staking. Grade and alignment stakes shall be set in advance of any trenching or excavation and, in general, stakes for straight sewers shall be set at either 25 or 50 foot intervals, depending upon topography and grade of the sewer. Intervals of 25 feet, or less, shall be used through all horizontal and vertical curves and for sewers with a grade flatter than 0.005. Stakes shall be approximately marked to show the Engineer's station, the offset, and the cut to sewer invert.

6-02 Side Sewer Locations. Prior to installation of lateral sewers, the lateral location and elevation at the property line shall be staked and flagged in the field by the Job Engineer.

6-03 Survey Authorization and Responsibility. When a survey is to be made on private property for a public sewer, permission of the property owner shall be obtained by the Job Engineer or his representatives prior to entry. The District will not be answerable or accountable in any manner for any loss or damage that may come about during or as a result of survey work by others.

6-04 Field Changes. During construction the District, through the District Administrator, District Engineer or District Inspector, may request the Job Engineer to make changes in the work. The Job Engineer shall review such changes and prepare the necessary drawings and descriptions for execution by the Construction Contractor.

6-05 Soil Compaction Tests. For all works in public streets and works not in public streets as required by the District, the Applicant shall retain a Soils Engineer to take compaction tests in the trench backfill or embankment construction. On District projects, the District will retain a Soils Engineer.

The Soils Engineer shall take compaction tests at intervals and depths as required by the agency having jurisdiction on the right of way or as required by the District; as a minimum, one compaction test shall be taken midway in the intermediate backfill and on the surface every 100 feet of sewer line length. The Soils Engineer shall immediately provide the District Inspector the results of the soils tests. At the end of the job, the Soils Engineer shall provide the District with a summary of the soils tests taken.

6-06 Record Drawings. Upon completion of the work and prior to acceptance by the District, the Job Engineer shall provide "record drawings" to the District. Record drawings shall consist of all details shown on the original approved plans, corrected and/or expanded to reflect all design or construction changes from the approved plans. Particular attention should be paid to changes in the following items:

The Job Engineer shall submit a preliminary copy of the record drawings for review by the District. After review and approval by the Inspector or other District representative, the Job Engineer shall submit one (1) complete set of high quality prints and one (1) complete set of high quality duplicate tracings, noted and signed by the Job Engineer as "Record Drawings".

SECTION 7 DISTRICT PERMITS, LICENSES AND BONDS

7-01 Permits. All work performed in relation to and for connection to the District sewer system requires a specific permit in accordance with District rules and regulations. In the case of District contract work, the contract is considered to be the District permit for all work included in the contract under District jurisdiction.

7-02 Licenses. Contractors performing work requiring a permit by the District shall be licensed by the State of California. Work on public property, streets, roads and other rights-of-way shall be performed only by duly licensed Contractors. Property owners may perform side sewer work on their own property.

7-03 Bonds. Prior to the issuance of a permit for a sewer main extensions (public sewer construction), the applicant shall furnish to the District a 100% faithful performance bond, cash, or other improvement security acceptable to the District, in the amount of the total estimated cost of the work as determined by the District, based on the District's Table of Current Construction Costs. Such faithful performance bond, cash deposit, or other improvement security shall be conditioned upon the performance of the work in accordance with the terms and conditions of the permit, and unless more stringent requirements are otherwise specified by the District Board, and 10% of the bond shall remain in effect to guarantee the correction of faulty workmanship and the replacement of defective materials for a period of one (1) year from and after the date of acceptance of the work by the District Board.

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SECTION 8 CONTROL OF WORK

SECTION 9 CONTROL OF MATERIAL

SECTION 10 LEGAL RELATIONS AND RESPONSIBILITY

SECTION 11 UTILITIES, OBSTRUCTIONS AND CONCRETE REMOVAL

SECTION 12 REFERENCES TO STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS

SECTION 8 CONTROL OF WORK

8-01 Authority of District. All work shall be done in a workmanlike manner and shall be performed to the reasonable satisfaction of the District, which shall have general control of all work included hereunder. To prevent disputes and litigation, the District shall in all cases determine the amount, quality, acceptability, and fitness of the several kinds of work and materials which are provided; shall decide all questions relative to the true construction, meaning, and intent of the specifications and drawings; and shall have the power to reject or condemn all work or material which does not conform to the plans and specifications.

Should the Permittee or Contractor fail to act promptly or be remiss in the prosecution of any work done under these specifications, or should the exigencies of the case require that repairs or replacements be made before the Contractor can be notified or can respond to notification, the District may, at its option, make or cause to be made the necessary repairs or replacements or perform the necessary work, and the Permittee or Contractor shall pay to the District the cost of such work plus fifteen percent (15%) for District administration. Any such action by the District shall not relieve the Permittee, Contractor or his/her surety of their obligation or responsibility in the prosecution of the job, nor do these provisions establish contingent liability on the part of the District.

The Permittee shall pay all costs of his/her contractor, including the cost of any changes in the work required by the District.

8-02 Plans. The approved plans shall be supplemented by such working drawings as are necessary to control the work adequately. All authorized alterations affecting the requirements and information given on the approved plans shall be in writing. No changes shall be made in any plan or drawing after it has been approved by the District, except by its direction.

The Contractor shall keep on the job site a copy of the plans and specifications, as well as a copy of all governing specifications, which plans and specifications shall be accessible to the District at all times. The plans, specifications, standard drawings, Special Provisions and all supplementary documents are to be considered the requirements of the work, and it shall be the responsibility of the Contractor to familiarize himself fully with the requirements of these and the various governing authorities having jurisdiction over the work.

Working drawings, not included in the plans furnished by the Job Engineer, may be required for the prosecution of the work. They shall include shop details, erection plans, masonry layout diagrams, and bending diagrams for reinforcing steel, which shall be approved by the District before any work involving these plans is performed.

It is expressly understood that approval by the District of the Contractor's working drawings does not relieve the Contractor of any responsibility for accuracy of dimensions and details. It is mutually agreed that the Contractor shall be responsible for agreement and conformity of his working drawings with the approved plans and specifications. Further, approval by the District of the Contractor's working drawings or any method of work proposed by the Contractor shall not relieve the Contractor of any of his responsibility for any errors therein and shall not be regarded as any assumption of risk or liability by the District or any officer or employee thereof, and the Contractor shall have no claim under the contract on account of the failure or partial failure or inefficiency of any plan or method so approved. Such approval shall be considered to mean merely that the District has no objection to the Contractor using, upon his own full responsibility, the plan or method proposed.

8-03 Suggestions to Contractor. Any plan or method for work suggested by the District to the Contractor, but not specified or required, if adopted or followed by the Contractor in whole or part, shall be used at the risk and responsibility of the Contractor; and neither the District, District Board, District Administrator nor the District Engineer or their agents shall assume responsibility therefor.

8-04 Conformity with Plans and Allowable Deviations. Finished surfaces in all cases shall conform with the lines, grades, cross-sections, and dimensions shown on the approved plans. Unless otherwise specified herein, deviations from the approved plans and working drawings, as may be required by the exigencies of construction, will in all cases be determined by the District and authorized in writing.

8-05 Interpretation of Plans and Specifications. The plans and specifications are intended to be explanatory of each other. Any work indicated in the plans and not in the specifications, or vice versa, is to be executed as if indicated in both. All work shown on the plans, the dimensions of which are not shown, shall be accurately followed to the scale to which the plans are made, but shown dimensions are in all cases to be followed, where given, though they differ from scaled measurements. Large scale drawings shall be followed in preference to small scale drawings. Should it appear that the work to be done, or any of the matters relative thereto, are not sufficiently detailed or explained in the plans and specifications, the Contractor shall apply to the Job Engineer for such further explanation as may be necessary, and shall conform thereto as part of the contract. In the event of any doubt or question arising respecting the true meaning of the specifications, Special Provisions or plans, reference shall be made to the District and its decision thereon shall be final.

8-06 Superintendence. The Contractor shall give his personal attention to and shall supervise the work to the end that it shall be prosecuted faithfully, and when he is not personally present on the work, he shall at all reasonable times be represented by a competent superintendent on foreman who shall receive and obey all instructions or orders given by the District, and who shall have full authority to execute the same, and to supply materials, tools and labor without delay and who shall be the legal representative of the Contractor. The Contractor shall be liable for the faithful observance of any instructions delivered to him or to his authorized representative.

8-07 Character of Workmen. The Contractor shall employ only such foreman, mechanics and laborers as are competent and skilled in their respective lines of work, and, when required by the District, the Contractor shall discharge any person who commits trespass, or is, in the opinion of the District, incompetent, unfaithful, intemperate, disorderly, or uses threatening or abusive language to any person on the work representing the District, or is otherwise unsatisfactory, and such person shall not again be employed on the work. Such discharge shall not be the basis of any claim for compensation or damages against the District or any of its officers or representatives.

8-08 Construction Utilities. The Contractor shall be responsible for providing, for and on behalf of his work under the contract, all necessary utilities, such as special connections to water supply, sanitation facilities, telephones, power lines, fences, roads, watchmen, suitable storage places, etc. All utility arrangements, including applicable permits, shall be obtained prior to the start of work and paid for by the Contractor.

8-09 Lines and Grades. When the Contractor requires stakes or marks, he shall notify the Job Engineer of his requirements at least forty-eight (48) hours in advance of starting operations that require such stakes or marks. The Contractor shall have all the utilities located and marked prior to staking.

Stakes and marks set by the Job Engineer shall be carefully preserved by the Contractor. If any such stakes and marks, necessary to complete construction are destroyed or damages by reason of the Contractor's operation, the Contractor shall pay for replacing or restoring such stakes and marks by the Job Engineer.

The Contractor shall furnish all additional stakes, templates, and other material necessary for accurately transferring lines and grades to the bottom of trenches or excavations for the construction of pipelines and structures. For this purpose, he shall employ competent personnel or an independent licensed Civil Engineer or licensed Land Surveyor acceptable to the Job Engineer, who shall be responsible for accurately performing this work.

All distances given and measurements will be in a horizontal plane. Grades are given from the top of stakes or nails, or other points approved by the District.

Three (3) consecutive points shown on the same rate of slope must be used in common, in order to detect any variations from a straight grade, and in case an such discrepancy exists, it must be reported to the Job Engineer and to the District. If such discrepancy is not reported, the Contractor shall be responsible for any error in the finished work.

8-10 Proof of Compliance with Specifications and Drawings. In order that the District may determine whether the Contractor has complied with the requirements of the contract not readily enforceable through inspection and tests of work and material, the Contractor shall, at any time when requested, submit to the District properly authenticated documents or other satisfactory proofs as to his compliance with such requirements.

8-11 Errors and Omissions. If the Contractor, in the course of the work, finds and errors or omissions in plans or in the layout as given by survey points and instructions, or if he finds any discrepancy between the plans and the physical conditions of the locality, he shall immediately inform the District, in writing, and the District shall promptly verify the same. Any work done after such discovery, until authorized, will be done at the Contractor's risk.

8-12 Inspection. The District's representatives shall at all times have access to the work whenever it is in preparation or progress, and the Contractor shall provide proper and safe facilities for such access and for inspection. The District shall be furnished with every reasonable facility for ascertaining that the materials and the workmanship are in accordance with the requirements and intentions of the plans and specifications. All work done and all materials furnished shall be subject to his inspection and approval.

If the specifications, the District's instructions, laws, ordinances, or any public authority require any work to be specifically tested or approved, the Contractor shall give the District timely notice of its readiness for inspection, and if the inspection is by another authority than the District, of the date fixed for such inspection. If any work should be covered up without approval or consent of the District, it must, if required by the District, be uncovered for examination and properly restored at the Contractor's expense.

The inspection of the work shall not relieve the Contractor of any of his obligations to fulfill his contract as prescribed, and defective work shall be made good and unsuitable materials may be rejected, not withstanding that such defective work and materials have been previously overlooked by the District and accepted for payment.

All inspection requested outside of normal District working hours or days shall be reimbursed to the District by the Contractor at rates established by the District.

8-13 Inspection by Division of Industrial Safety. All work shall conform to the applicable requirements of the State of California Division of Industrial Safety. When the work involves construction of a treatment plant or pump station, it shall be inspected by representatives of said Division prior to the final inspection by the District (see Section 8-24). Any necessary corrective work disclosed by such inspection shall be satisfactorily completed at the Contractor's expense prior to acceptance of the work by the District.

8-14 Commencement of Work and Delays - Permit Work. This section shall apply to the commencement of work and delays for work done under permit within the District. For District contract work, requirements concerning the progress of the work, etc., refer to the job specifications for said work.

Before initial work is begun, the Contractor and his foremen shall file with the District addresses and telephone numbers where they can be reached during non-working hours.

As provided in Section 11-02, prior to excavation work, the Contractor shall contact all utilities and agencies which have or may have aboveground and/or underground facilities within the work area.

The Contractor shall also give the District notice of the time when he will start work or resume work when suspended. Notices shall be given at least forty-eight (48) hours in advance of the starting or resumption time, exclusive of Saturdays, Sundays, or holidays, for the purpose of permitting the District to make the necessary assignment of its representative or inspector on the work. After the Contractor once begins the work, the work shall be prosecuted diligently and continuously each day until completed. Work may be suspended only during emergencies or inclement weather or where required under these specifications.

In the event the District shall determine that the work is not proceeding in accordance with plans and these specifications, or any applicable rules and regulations, the District may order the cessation of further work until the work proceeds in compliance with such requirements. All delays in the work occasioned by such stoppage shall not relieve the Contractor of any duty to perform the work or serve to extend the time for its completion.

When, in the opinion of the District, the Contractor's delay in completing the work or failure to comply with the plans and specifications and any applicable rules and regulations has or may cause damage to the existing sanitary sewerage facilities of the District, the District may order such work to be done as is necessary to protect said facilities and the expense of such work shall be charged to the Contractor by the District.

8-15 Removal of Defective and Unauthorized Work. All work which has been rejected as defective shall be remedied, or removed and replaced by the Contractor in an acceptable manner at no cost to the District. Any work done beyond the lines and grades shown on the plans or established by the District, or any extra work done without written authority, will be considered as unauthorized and will not be paid for. Work so done may be ordered removed at the Contractor's expenses. Upon failure on the part of the Contractor to comply promptly with any order of the District made under the provisions of this article, the District shall have the authority to cause defective work to be remedied, or removed and replaced, and unauthorized work to be removed and bill the costs to the Contractor or the Permittee.

8-16 Access to Work. During the performance of the work, the District and its agents and employees may at any time enter upon the work, or the shops where any part of such work may be in preparation, or the factories where any materials for use in the work are being or are to be manufactured or fabricated, and the Contractor shall provide proper and safe facilities therefor, and shall make arrangements with manufacturers to facilitate inspection of their processes and products to such extent as the District's interest may require. Other Contractors performing work for the District may also, for all purposes required by their respective contracts, enter upon the work.

8-17 Placing Portions of Work in Service. If desired by the District, portions of the work, as completed, may be placed in service, and the Contractor shall give proper access to the work for this purpose, but such use and operation shall not constitute an acceptance of the work by the District, and the Contractor shall be liable for defects due to defective materials, workmanship and equipment until the entire work is finally accepted by the District. The warranty period on equipment shall not begin until the entire work is finally accepted by the District.

8-18 Removal or Replacement of Work Done Without Lines, Grades or Levels. Any work done without lines, levels or grades being given by the Job Engineer or without favorable review of a District Inspector, may be ordered replaced at the Contractor's sole expense, except when such work is specifically authorized by the District.

8-19 Equipment and Methods. The work under the contract or permit shall be prosecuted with all materials, tools, machinery, apparatus, and labor and by such methods as are necessary to the complete execution of everything described, shown or reasonably implied. If at any time before the beginning or during the progress of the work, any part of the Contractor's plant, or equipment or any of his methods of execution of the work, appear to the District to be unsafe, inefficient or inadequate to insure the required quality or rate of progress of the work, he may order the Contractor to increase or improve his facilities or methods, and the Contractor shall comply promptly with such orders; but neither compliance with such orders nor failure of the District to issue such orders shall relieve the Contractor from his obligation to secure the degree of safety, the quality of the work, and the rate of progress required of the Contractor. The Contractor alone shall be responsible for the safety, adequacy, and efficiency of his plant, equipment and methods.

8-20 Unfavorable Weather and Other Conditions. During unfavorable weather and other conditions, the Contractor shall pursue only such portions of the work as shall not be damaged thereby. No portions of the work whose satisfactory quality and efficiency will be effected by any unfavorable conditions shall be constructed while these conditions obtain, unless by special means or precautions approved by the District, the Contractor shall be able to overcome them.

8-21 Easement Construction. The Contractor shall make every effort to restrict his operations to areas within the easements or rights-of-way provided for the work. He shall caution all employees not to trespass or operate equipment outside the easements provided, without first having obtained written permission from adjacent property owners. A copy of said written permission is to be submitted to the District prior to any encroachment. Prior to commencing any work on private property or within easements, the Contractor shall take pictures of the original condition. The Contractor shall clean up and restore all easement and other disturbed areas to a condition equal to or better than the original.

The Contractor shall conduct his operations so as to cause as little damage as possible to existing yard improvements. Yard improvements such as fences, landscaping, trees, patios, walkways, driveways, etc., in the line of construction shall be removed by the Contractor only after approval by the District. Unless otherwise provided in the Special Provisions or permitted by the District and/or property owners, all fences, trees, plants, lawns, ornamental shrubbery, patios, walkways, driveways, and any other yard improvements within the working easements or rights-of-way which have been damaged by the Contractor's operations shall be completely replaced, repaired or restored to its original conditions by the Contractor to the satisfaction of the District and/or property owner. Replacing, repairing, and restoring shall be accomplished with materials of the same kind and quality as those of the original improvement.

The Contractor shall remove, haul and dispose of, off the job site, all surplus and waste materials resulting from his operations that are not required to complete the project and shall thoroughly clean up the site of the work and dress the slopes and banks to the satisfaction of the District.

Full compensation for conforming to the requirements of this section shall be considered as included in the prices paid for the various contract items of work and no additional allowance will be made therefor.

8-22 Alterations. The District reserves the right to increase or decrease the quantity of any items or portions of the work or to omit portions of the work as may be deemed necessary or advisable by the District; also to make such alterations or deviations, additions to, or omissions from the plans and specifications, as may be determine during the progress of the work to be necessary and advisable for the proper completion thereof. Upon written order of the District, the Contractor shall proceed with the work as increased, decreased or altered. On private work, the Permittee shall pay all costs of any alternatives to work required by the District.

8-23 Cleaning Up. The Contractor shall confine his equipment, storage of materials, and construction operations to such limits as may be directed by the District, and shall not allow the site of the work to become littered with trash and waste material, but shall maintain the same in a neat and orderly condition throughout the construction period. The District shall have the right to determine what is or is not waste material or rubbish and the place and manner of disposal.

On or before the completion of the work, the Contractor shall without charge therefor, carefully clean out all pits, pipes, chambers or conduits and shall tear down and remove all temporary structures built by him and shall remove rubbish of all kinds from any of the grounds which he has occupied and leave them in first class condition.

8-24 Final Inspection. When the work contemplated by the contract, permit or agreement has been completed, the District will, upon request by the Contractor, make the final inspection on the grounds together with an authorized representative or representatives of any and all other agencies having an interest in the work.

SECTION 9 CONTROL OF MATERIAL

9-01 Source of Supply and Quality of Materials. Prior to commencement of any work, the Contractor shall submit to the District, a list of the suppliers or sources of all materials to be incorporated in the work. This list shall be approved by the District before any of the materials are delivered to the job site.

Only new materials conforming to the requirements of these specifications and approved by the District shall be used in the work. All materials proposed for use may be inspected or tested at any time during their preparation and use. After trial, if it is found that sources of supply which have been approved do not furnish a uniform product, or if the product from any source proves unacceptable at any time, the Contractor shall furnish approved material from other approved sources. No material which, after approval, has in any way become unfit for use shall be used in the work. Manufacturer's guarantees, instructions and parts lists shall be delivered to the District before acceptance of the work. All materials shall be manufactured, handled, and used in a workmanlike manner to insure completed work in accordance with the plans and specifications.

9-02 Quality in Absence of Detailed Specifications. Whenever under the contract, permit or agreement, the Contractor is required to furnish materials or manufactured articles or to do work for which no detailed specifications are set forth, the materials or manufactured articles shall be of the best grade in quality and workmanship obtainable in the market from firms of established good reputation, or, if not ordinarily carried in stock, shall conform to the usual standards for first class material or articles of the kind required, with due consideration of the use to which they are to be put. In general, the work performed shall be in full conformity and harmony with the intent to secure the best standard of construction and equipment of the work as a whole or in part.

9-03 Drawings, Samples and Tests. As soon as possible after execution of the contract or issuance of the permit, the Contractor shall submit to the District, in triplicate, sufficient information including, if necessary, assembly and detail drawings to demonstrate fully that the equipment and materials to be furnished comply with the provisions and intent of the specifications and drawings. If the information thus submitted indicates the equipment or material is acceptable, the District will return one (1) copy stamped with his approval; otherwise one (1) copy will be returned with an explanation why the equipment or material is unsatisfactory. The Contractor shall have no claim for damages or extension of time on account of any delay due to the revision of drawings or rejection of material. Fabrication or other work performed in advance of approval shall be done entirely at the Contractor's risk. After approval of the equipment or material the Contractor shall not deviate in any way from the design and specifications given without the written consent of the District. When requested by the District, sample or test specimens of the materials to be used or offered for use in connection with the work shall be prepared at the expense of the Contractor and furnished by him in such quantities and sizes as may be required for proper examinations and tests, with all freight charges prepaid and with information as to their sources.

All samples shall be submitted before shipment and in ample time to permit the making of proper tests, analyses, or examinations before the time at which it is desired to incorporate the material into the work. All tests of materials furnished by the Contractor shall be made by the District in accordance with recognized standard practice. No material shall be used in the work unless or until it has been approved by the District. Samples will be secured and tested whenever necessary to determine the quality of the material.

9-04 District Furnished Materials. The Contractor shall furnish all materials required to complete the work, except such materials as are designated on the plans or in the Special Provisions to be furnished by the District.

Upon written request of the Contractor, materials to be furnished by the District will be delivered to him within a reasonable time at the points designated in the Special Provisions, or if not designated in the Special Provisions, then to the project. They shall be unloaded and hauled to the site of the work by the Contractor at his expense, the cost of handling and placing all materials after they are delivered to the Contractor shall be considered as included in the contract prices paid for the items in connection with which they are used.

The Contractor will be held responsible for all materials delivered to him, and deductions will be made from any monies due him to make good any shortages and deficiencies, for any cause whatsoever, which may occur after such delivery, or for any demurrage charges due to delinquency in unloading.

9-05 Local Materials. The Contractor shall satisfy himself as to the quantity of acceptable material which may be produced or obtained at local sources, and the District will not assume any responsibility as to the quantities or quality of acceptable material available.

When tests of materials from sources in the vicinity of the work have been made by the District, the results of such tests will be available to the Contractor or to prospective bidders on inquiry at the office of the District. This information is furnished for the Contractor's or the bidder's convenience only and the District does not guarantee such tests and assumes no responsibility whatever as to the accuracy thereof or the interpretation thereof stated in the test records.

9-06 Acquisition of Materials. The Contractor shall have on hand, at the time he starts construction of any section of the work, all materials necessary to complete in a reasonable length of time, all work which would create a hazard or inconvenience if not completed.

9-07 Storage of Materials. Materials shall be so stored as to insure the preservation of their quality and fitness for the work. When considered necessary by the District, they shall be placed on wooden platforms or other hard, clean surfaces and not on the ground. They shall be placed under cover when so directed. Stored materials shall be so located as to facilitate prompt inspection.

All surplus piping materials shall be removed from the site of the work within five (5) days after completion of the pipe laying.

9-08 Defective Materials. All materials not conforming to the requirements of the specifications shall be considered as defective and all such materials, whether in place or not, shall be rejected. They shall be removed immediately from the site of the work, unless otherwise permitted by the District. No rejected material, the defects of which have been subsequently corrected, shall be used until approval in writing has been given by the District. Upon failure on the part of the Contractor to comply promptly with any order of the District made under the provisions of this section, the District shall have the authority to remove and replace defective material and to deduct the cost of removal and replacement from any monies due or to become due the Contractor.

9-09 Trade Names and Alternatives. For convenience and designation on the plans or in the specifications, certain equipment or articles or materials may be designated under trade names or the names of the manufacturers and with catalog information. Use of alternative equipment or an article or material which is of equal quality and of the required characteristics for the purpose intended will be permitted, subject to the approval of the District.

The burden of proof as to the comparative quality and suitability of alternative equipment or articles or materials shall be upon the Contractor and he shall furnish, at his expense, all information necessary or related thereto as required by the District. The District shall be the sole judge as to the comparative quality and suitability of alternate equipment or articles or materials and its decision shall be final. All additional costs required for redesign or modifications required to accommodate the substituted materials and/or equipment shall also be at the expense of the Contractor.

9-10 Certificates of Compliance. The Engineer may permit the use of certain materials or assemblies prior to sampling and testing if accompanied by a certificate of compliance stating that the materials involved comply in all respects with the requirements of the specifications. The certificate shall be signed by the manufacturer of the material or the manufacturer of assembled materials. A certificate of compliance must be furnished with each lot of material delivered to the work and the lot so certified must be clearly identified in the certificate.

All materials used on the basis of a certificate of compliance may be sampled and tested at any time. The fact that material is used on the basis of a certificate of compliance shall not relieve the Contractor of responsibility for incorporating material in the work which conforms to the requirements to the plans and specifications and any such material not conforming to such requirements will be subject to rejection whether in place or not.

The District reserves the right to refuse to permit the use of material on the basis of a certificate of compliance. The form of the certificate of compliance and its disposition shall be as directed by the District.

9-11 Salvage of Existing Materials. Unless otherwise indicated in the Special Provisions or permitted by the District, all old castings for manholes, rodholes, etc., and any other salvage construction materials which have been a part of the District's sewerage system may be claimed by the District and if so claimed such materials shall be delivered to the District yard.

SECTION 10 LEGAL RELATIONS AND RESPONSIBILITY

10-01 Laws to be Observed. The Contractor shall keep himself fully informed of all State and National laws and County and District ordinances and regulations which in any manner effect those engaged or employed in the work, or the materials used in the work, or which in any way effect the conduct of the work, and of all such orders and decrees of bodies or tribunals having any jurisdiction or authority over the same.

The Contractor shall at all times observe and comply with, and shall cause all his agents and employees to observe and comply with all such laws, ordinances, regulations, orders, and decrees; and shall protect and indemnify the District, and all of its officers and agents against any claim or liability arising from or based on the violation of any such law, ordinance, regulation, order or decree, whether by himself or his employees. If any discrepancy or inconsistency is discovered in the plans, drawings, specifications, or contract for the work in relation to any such law, ordinance, regulation, order or decree, the Contractor shall forthwith report the same to the District in writing.

10-02 Permits and Licenses. The Contractor shall, prior to beginning any work, procure all permits and licenses, pay all inspection charges and permit fees, give all notices necessary and incident to the due and lawful prosecution of the work and shall furnish to the District written proof of compliance of this section.

10-03 Patents. The Contractor shall assume all costs arising from the use of patented materials, equipment, devices, or processes used on or incorporated in the work, and agrees to indemnify and save harmless the District, the District Engineer and their duly authorized representatives, from all suits at law or actions of every nature for, or on account of the use of any patented materials, equipment, devices or processes.

10-04 Traffic Control. This section defines the Contractor's responsibility with regard to providing for the passage of public traffic through the work during construction. The Contractor shall so conduct his operations as to offer the least possible obstruction and inconvenience to public traffic, and he shall have under construction no greater length or amount of work than he can prosecute properly with due regard to the rights of the public. Prior to commencing work, the Contractor shall submit to the agency exercising jurisdiction over the road or street a written traffic control plan, including proposed street or land closure times, for their approval and shall comply with the approved traffic control plan and all requirements of the encroachment permit.

Unless detours are permitted or unless otherwise provided in the Special Provisions, all traffic shall be permitted to pass through the work with as little inconvenience and delay as possible. Street or lane closures shall only be made within the hours provided in the approved traffic control plan. Spillage resulting from hauling operations along or across the traveled way shall be removed immediately at the Contractor's expense.

While trenching and paving operations are underway, traffic shall be permitted to use shoulders and the side of the roadbed opposite the one under construction. When sufficient width is available, a passageway wide enough to accommodate two (2) lanes of traffic shall be kept open at all times at locations where construction operations are in active progress.

In order to expedite the passage of public traffic through or around the work and where ordered by the Engineer, the Contractor shall install signs, lights, flares, barricades, and shall furnish flaggers and/or a pilot car and driver and other facilities for the sole convenience and direction of public traffic. Also where directed by the District or the agency having jurisdiction over the street, he shall provide and station competent flaggers whose sole duty shall consist of directing the movement of public traffic through or around the work. Where needed or required, flaggers shall be equipped with two-way radios.

In addition to the requirements herein specified for furnishing facilities and flaggers for expediting the passage of public traffic through or around the work, the Contractor shall furnish and erect, within or adjacent to the limits of the contract, such warning and directional signs required in the approved traffic control plan or as may be designated by the District Engineer or the agency having jurisdiction over the roadway.

All roads must be kept open for public traffic at all times unless specific written permission to close or restrict the use of a particular street is given by the District and by the County of San Mateo or the agency having jurisdiction of the roadway. In the event that closing of a particular street is allowed, it shall be the responsibility of the Contractor to notify law enforcement, fire departments, the school district and ambulance services as to the hours and dates of the street closure and routes of detours at least 24 hours in advance of their occurrence, and again to notify them when they are discontinued.

Whenever the Contractor's operations create a hazardous condition, he shall furnish at his own expense and without cost to the District, such flaggers and guards as are necessary to give adequate warning of and protection from any dangerous conditions to be encountered and he shall furnish, erect, and maintain such fences, barricades, lights, signs and other devices as are necessary to prevent accidents and avoid damage or injury. Flaggers and guards while on duty shall be equipped with red wearing and a red flag or paddle-type signal which shall be kept clean and in good repair. Flaggers shall be equipped with 2-way radios when needed for traffic control. Signs, flags, lights, and other warning and safety devices shall conform to the requirements set forth in the current "Manual of Traffic Controls for Construction and Maintenance Work Zones", issued by the State Department of Transportation.

10-05 Public Convenience. Convenience of abutting owners along the road or sewers shall be provided for as far as practicable. Convenient access to driveways, houses and buildings along the line of the work shall be maintained and temporary approaches to crossings or intersecting highways shall be provided and kept in good condition.

The right is reserved to the District, county authorities, and to water, gas, telephone, telegraph, television, and other electric power transmission utilities to enter upon any public highway, road or right-of-way for the purpose of making repairs and changes that have become necessary by the reason of the sewer installation.

All fences subject to interference shall be maintained by the Contractor until the work is completed, at which time they shall be restored to the condition prior to starting the work.

Excavation and backfill shall be conducted in such a manner as to provide a reasonably smooth and even surface satisfactory for use by the public traffic at all times. When possible, sewer construction shall be conducted on one-half the width of the traveled way at a time and that portion of the traveled way being used by public traffic shall be kept open and unobstructed until the opposite site of the traveled way is ready for use by traffic. The roadbed shall be sprinkled with water, if necessary, to prevent dust nuisance.

Bridges of approved construction shall be installed and maintained across the trench at all cross walks, intersections, and at such other points where, in the opinion of the Engineer, traffic conditions make it advisable.

10-06 Safety. This section defines the Contractor's responsibility with regard to providing for safety during construction. The Contractor alone shall be responsible for the safety of his plant, equipment and methods, including trench shoring. All trench shoring and other construction methods shall comply with State and Federal Safety Orders.

Should the Contractor appear to be neglectful or negligent in furnishing warning and protective measures, the District may direct attention to the existence of a hazard, and may order the Contractor to improve his facilities or methods, and the Contractor shall promptly comply with such orders, and the necessary warning and protective measures shall be furnished and installed by the Contractor at his own expense without cost to the District. Whether or not the District issues orders, and whether or not he points out the inadequacy of warning and protective measures shall be furnished and installed by the Contractor at his own expense without cost to the District. Whether or not the Engineer issues orders, and whether or not he points out the inadequacy of warning and protective measures, and even though the Contractor takes appropriate steps in accordance therewith, the Contractor shall not be relieved from responsibility for securing the necessary degree of safety, nor shall his obligation to furnish and pay for appropriate plant, equipment and methods be abrogated.

No material or equipment shall be stored where it will interfere with the free and safe passage of public traffic, and at the end of each day's work and at other times when construction operations are suspended for any reason, th